GLP-1 Medications: Why a Functional Nutrition Approach Matters More Than Ever

GLP-1 medications are getting a lot of attention lately — even Serena Williams shared in August 2025 that she’s been using them to support her health after struggling to lose weight post-pregnancy, despite maintaining a disciplined diet and training routine.
Her openness has sparked debate: some applaud her for helping destigmatise medical support for obesity, while others raise valid concerns around accessibility, long-term safety, and potential side effects.

It’s a reminder that while these drugs can be powerful tools, they’re not a one-size-fits-all fix. In my experience as a Functional Nutritionist, the people who see the best results are those who combine medical therapies with strong nutrition, lifestyle, and movement foundations.

Why GLP-1s Became So Popular

We’re living through a time of widespread metabolic dysfunction. In the Western world, many people are overfed yet undernourished — consuming foods that are high in calories but low in nutrients.
GLP-1 receptor agonists help regulate blood sugar and suppress appetite, which can result in significant weight loss. However, they also affect hormones and neurotransmitters that play roles in mood, motivation, and metabolism — so support from a qualified practitioner is key.

The Overlooked Side: Muscle, Bone & Mood

These medications are designed to reduce hunger, but that can also mean eating less of the nutrients that maintain your strength and energy.
Studies show that 25–40% of weight lost on GLP-1s can come from lean muscle mass, which is especially concerning for women in perimenopause or menopause who are already at risk of sarcopenia (muscle loss) and osteopenia or osteoporosis.

GLP-1s also influence neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin — meaning they can impact motivation, mood, and emotional resilience. For some, this creates space for positive behavioural change. For others, it can flatten mood or energy, underscoring the need for holistic support that includes nutrition, movement, and mental wellbeing.

Before Starting GLP-1s

As a Functional Nutritionist, I encourage clients to first evaluate their hormones, metabolic function, and nutrient status. Many of the same pathways targeted by GLP-1 medications can be naturally influenced through strategic changes in nutrition, stress management, sleep, and physical activity.

If GLP-1 therapy is part of your plan, it’s essential to work alongside a qualified practitioner to:

• Protect muscle mass through adequate protein and resistance training

• Support bone health with calcium, vitamin D, and magnesium

• Maintain nutrient sufficiency despite reduced appetite

• Incorporate weight-bearing exercise to preserve strength and mobility

These steps help minimise side effects and ensure long-term metabolic success.

Key Takeaways:

Thinking GLP-1s are the full answer? Think again.
The people who get lasting results all have one thing in common — they’ve built solid, realistic habits around food, movement, and recovery.

1. They focus on protein and fibre
   This combination keeps you satisfied for longer, steadies blood sugar, and protects lean muscle.

2. They eat regular meals
   Even when appetite drops, keeping structure in your day helps prevent energy crashes and poor food choices later on.

3. They move their body often
   Whether it’s strength training, walking, or simply being active throughout the day — muscle is key for metabolism, mood, and long-term health.

4. They look beyond the scales
   Weight alone doesn’t tell you much. Tracking changes in muscle and fat gives a truer picture of progress.

GLP-1s and Women’s Health

GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonists can also influence fertility and PCOS outcomes, improving glucose balance and endometrial receptivity. However, they are not officially approved as fertility treatments. These medications were designed to complement, not replace, nutrition and lifestyle interventions.

MY Final Thoughts

GLP-1 medications can be valuable tools—but they’re not a silver bullet. They should be approached with care, education, and personalised support.
If you’re using or considering GLP-1 therapy, work alongside a qualified Functional Nutritionist to:

• Maintain healthy muscle and bone mass

• Support mood and motivation

• Ensure nutrient sufficiency and metabolic balance

If you’re considering GLP-1s or already taking them, let’s create a nutrition plan that protects your long-term health. Ready for guidance? Book a consultation to create a personalised nutrition plan that works with your body—and your goals.

Note: This article reflects my personal insights as a Functional Nutritionist, combined with current research in the field. It’s intended for educational purposes only and shouldn’t replace personalised medical advice. Always consult your qualified healthcare professional before making any changes to your medication, diet, or treatment plan.

References

• Kornelius, E., Huang, J.Y., Lo, S.C. et al. (2024). The risk of depression, anxiety, and suicidal behavior in patients with obesity on glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist therapy. Scientific Reports, 14, 24433. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-75965-2

• Gatto, A., Liu, K., Milan, N., & Wong, S. (2025). The Effects of GLP-1 Agonists on Musculoskeletal Health and Orthopedic Care. Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine, 18(10), 469–480. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12178-025-09978-3